Interface
GD3990A fall 2014 · GW Corcoran School of the Arts and Design
Instructor: David Ramos (davidramos@email.gwu.edu)
We interact with a variety of machines in the course of a day. Some of them are simple, like drinking fountains with one button to active water flow. Some, like Metro’s farecard vending machines, are far more complex, with designs shaped by historical engineering requirements and layers of unplanned growth.
Farecard machine under maintenance, by ep_jhu.
Imagine that we now have the chance to create new farecard vending machines. Study the way that people use the existing machines and report on their strengths, their failings, and any unmet needs or ideas you have for improvement. Plan a flow for the user, then create three paper prototype interfaces, each examining a different approach, and test these prototypes with people from outside of the class. On the basis of your findings and in-class critiques, create a final paper prototype and repeat the user testing.
Design for today’s world, with today’s mix of users and requirements. Machines should occupy the same footprint as the current machines, and should work with existing tickets, credit cards, and currency. Use real-world technology.
Objectives
- Create interactive pieces that work as part of a system.
- Experiment with ways of navigating complex information.
- Improve designs through iteration and through usability testing.
- Explain interactive projects using design documentation.
Phases of Work
1. Observation/research/reflection
In this phase, try to answer four questions: who uses these machines? how do people use the machines? what do different people need and expect? and how well do the machines serve those needs and expectations?
Start by using one of these machines yourself. Then observe people at the machines, watching for any differences between different users. Interview friends and colleagues, asking not only what they think about the current machines, but what they expect from a machine.
Based on your findings about expectations/needs, propose improvements to the machines.
2. Conceptual design
Think about how you would redesign the machines. Make two to four paper prototypes that explore different approaches. Deliverable: three rough paper prototypes, each consisting of a flowchart that maps out a user’s experience with the system; a drawing of the front of the machine; and any other details or screens that you need to explain your draft idea. Your drawings do not need to be well resolved – they just need to explain how the machine should work.
Test your design with users. Find friends, relatives, or colleagues – two to four people will do fine. Test the paper prototypes against these people, and observe the results.
3. Design development
Create one final proposed redesign, drawing on what you have learned from user testing and critiques. Fill out the remaining screens and interactions. Continue testing the design.
4. Documentation
Produce a documentation booklet with screen mockups, diagrams, and notes.
Deliverables
Present your work as an 11×17 in. booklet, printed and as a PDF.
Include:
- High-fidelity wireframes of key screens
- A low-fidelity prototype that illustrates every screen that a user sees on one path through the system
- A flowchart that describes movement through the ballot
- Anything else you need to explain your idea
- Captions that provide background or context for your images
Resources
- Richard Grefé and Jessica Friedman Hewitt in the New York Times: How Design Can Save Democracy (see also the interactive feature)
- AIGA Design for Democracy project: Ballot and polling place design guidelines (produced on behalf of US Election Assistance Commission)